The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) represents a complex membrane network that mediates the productive folding and transport of transmembrane and secreted proteins in addition to ensuring cytosolic calcium and lipid homeostasis. Intrinsic (genetic mutations, aneuploidy) and extrinsic (environmental disturbances) factors can affect ER homeostasis, leading to a condition called endoplasmic reticulum stress that occurs when the balance between protein folding demands exceeds that of the ER. In this situation, the cell adjusts its folding capacity by activating an intracellular signaling pathway called the unfolded protein response (UPR).
As a leader in the field of cellular stress, Creative Bioarray has summarized the activation pathways of ER stress and provides services to assess ER homeostasis and stress accordingly. The results of our assessments can be used by researchers to plan and interpret experiments in vitro and in vivo in mammalian systems, helping to elucidate the relationship between endoplasmic reticulum stress and cellular stress, and even disease.
Please note: We recommend using multiple assays to verify ER stress, as no one assay can be guaranteed to be the most appropriate one.
Continuous Analysis of ER Stress
The detection, quantification, and monitoring of endoplasmic reticulum stress are essential for the molecular events involved in pathology studies. However, traditional endoplasmic reticulum stress analysis does not allow continuous or sequential monitoring of endoplasmic reticulum stress in living cells and animals. We can detect and continuously monitor endoplasmic reticulum stress status in vivo and ex vivo in real-time with the SEAP reporting system.
Unfolded Protein Response Assay
Measuring IRE1α and PERK phosphorylation and ATF6α cleavage capacity is an ideal method to determine the level of UPR activation. We measure the expression and activation levels of downstream components regulated by these master regulators for our clients to determine the activation of the UPR.
Rapid Detection and Quantification Service of ER Stress Model
We use Thioflavin T (ThT) to detect and quantify endoplasmic reticulum stress in living cells. This method provides customers with direct quantitative measurements of endoplasmic reticulum stress in live cells in real-time.
A platform based on cell culture systems and endoplasmic reticulum stress induction techniques.
We provide GSH and hydrogen peroxide monitoring of the endoplasmic reticulum through genetically encoded fluorescent protein probes and assess the redox status of the endoplasmic reticulum accordingly.
ER Calcium Distribution Measurement
We have access to several chemical and genetic tools to monitor calcium distribution in the endoplasmic reticulum. Based on the monitoring results, we can help our clients assess the status of the ER and characterize the causal relationship between disease pathogenesis and altered ER calcium stores.
Chemical and Genetic Tools to Assess ER Stress
The endoplasmic reticulum undergoes changes in its fine morphology, structure, size and molecular composition, and function when it is stressed. Creative Bioarray provides a variety of chemical and genetic tools for evaluating endoplasmic reticulum stress for our customers to choose from.
Creative Bioarray is dedicated to providing high-quality products, comprehensive services, and tailored solutions to support and facilitate life sciences and pharmaceutical research and development. If you have any questions or needs, please contact us, and our customer service staff will help you the first time.